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The MTB (Mountain Bike) derailleur hanger, also known as the dropout or derailleur hanger, is a small metal component that is attached to the rear dropout of a mountain bike frame. 

Its primary function is to provide a mounting point for the rear derailleur, which is responsible for shifting the chain between different gears on the rear cassette.

Here are the key functions and importance of the MTB derailleur hanger :

Rear Derailleur Mounting :

The derailleur hanger is specifically designed to hold and support the rear derailleur. The derailleur is connected to the hanger via a bolt and is positioned in such a way that it can accurately guide the movement of the chain across the different gears on the rear cassette.

Gear Shifting Precision :

The derailleur hanger plays a crucial role in maintaining the proper alignment and positioning of the rear derailleur. It ensures that the derailleur is correctly aligned with the cassette, allowing for precise and smooth gear shifts. If the derailleur hanger becomes misaligned or damaged, it can lead to poor shifting performance, misalignment of gears, or even chain skipping.

Protection for the Frame :

The derailleur hanger serves as a sacrificial component in the event of an impact or crash. It is designed to be relatively weaker and easily replaceable compared to the bike frame itself. In case of a crash or accidental impact on the rear derailleur, the derailleur hanger is designed to absorb and deflect the force, protecting the frame from damage. This means that in case of a severe impact, it is the derailleur hanger that is more likely to get bent or broken, rather than the frame.

Replaceability :

The derailleur hanger is designed to be replaceable, allowing for easy and cost-effective repair in case of damage. If the derailleur hanger becomes bent, damaged, or broken, it can be unscrewed from the dropout and replaced with a new one. Many mountain bike manufacturers offer specific derailleur hanger models for their frames, ensuring compatibility and proper fit.

Compatibility :

Derailleur hangers are designed to be compatible with specific mountain bike frames and rear derailleurs. They come in different shapes, sizes, and mounting hole patterns to match the frame's design and accommodate the specific rear derailleur used. It is important to use the correct derailleur hanger for your bike to ensure proper shifting performance and compatibility.

Overall, the MTB derailleur hanger is a small but critical component in the drivetrain system of a mountain bike. It provides a secure mounting point for the rear derailleur, helps maintain precise gear shifting, protects the frame from damage, and allows for easy replacement in case of accidents or damage. Regular inspection and proper alignment of the derailleur hanger are essential for optimal shifting performance and the longevity of the drivetrain components.